In Ayurveda, Agni represents the biological and metabolic processes responsible for digestion, absorption, transformation, and maintenance of physiological balance. Contemporary perspectives increasingly explore the relationship between Agni and modern concepts such as metabolism, gut health, and systemic homeostasis. Impaired Agni, described as Mandagni in Ayurvedic literature, is associated with accumulation of metabolic imbalances and may correlate with conditions influenced by poor dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle, and chronic stress, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and digestive disorders. Understanding Agni provides an integrative framework for exploring nutrition, lifestyle modification, and preventive healthcare strategies aimed at supporting metabolic wellness in modern populations.